Mixing and spraying device



April 30, 1940- o. E. HONSBERGER ,998

MIXING AND SPRAYING DEVICE Filed Nov. 24, 1937 I 2v5 l/l/l/yl I I K '37 v :7 I I2 42 4O 20 43 a I s I g I I v 23 INVENT R Patented Apr. 30, 1940 UNITED STATES m sses PATENT OFFICE MIXING AND SPRAYING DEVICE Orin E. Honsberger, Buflt'alo, N. Y. Application November 24, 1937, Serial No. 176,284

7 Claims.

This invention relates to devices for spraying or dispersing liquids and more particularly to such a device wherein a plurality of liquids may be comingled and discharged in spray form simultaneously.

It has heretofore been contemplated to provide a spray nozzle wherein .a primary fluid passing through the device is adapted to entrain or pick up a secondary fluid by utilization of well-known injector principles. Such nozzles as are known in the art have been unsuccessful and in particular the objections to their use have been the fact that proper control of the ratio between the primary and secondary fluids has been lacking and also the fact that the plural fluids are not completely and thoroughly admixed at or prior to their emission from the nozzle. It has also been extremely difficult with devices heretofore known to produce a solid cone of spray liquid, the usual results produced by the prior art'devices being that a substantially hollow cone of liquid issued from the nozzle.

My present invention has been devised to overcome the objections set forth above and I have provided a spray nozzle wherein a plurality of liquids may be brought together in a highly constant proportion and thoroughly admixed and comingled before discharge from the nozzle. A "further object of my invention is achieved in the manner of emission of the resultant fluid from the nozzle. I provide spray openings so arranged and proportioned that a substantially solid cone of spray with liquid in spray form substantially V uniformly distributed therethrough is produced.

An especially apt application of the principles .of my invention will be found in the disinfecting of vegetation. Many commercial disinfectantsare available which are to be sprayed or.

otherwise deposited upon vegetation and which are intended to be deposited in mixture with water wherein the ratio of water to liquid insecticide or fungicide is somewhat of the order of 25 to 1. In such case I preferably employ water under pressure and utilize .the pressure of the water for inducing a flow of the liquid insecticide. I have found that a most satisfactory uniformity of ratio results from the use of my invention. v 4

For the accomplishment of the above objects and others that will appear from a consideration of the ensuing specification and claims, I herein set forth one specific embodiment of my invention but it is to be understood that this is merely exemplary and I do not intend to limit my invention thereto or in any other way excepting as defined in the appended claims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a general view of the specific embodiment of my invention shown associated with. a o

container for one of the liquids to be sprayed and a conduit for introducing a liquid under pressure;

Fig. 2 shows a cross section of my improved nozzle associated with a container cap and taken approximately on the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of my improved nozzle, particularly in cross section;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross sectional plan view taken similarly to Fig. 3.

As best shown in Fig. 1 my improved nozzle, in the embodiment about to be described, is adapted to be disposed across the top of a container H3 having a removable cap I I. The nozzle itself has a generally cylindrical body portion l2 termihating at its left end, as seen in Fig. 1, in an internally threaded portion l3 adapted to receive a union M for attachment to a conduit for the introduction of liquid. In one form this conduit may be an ordinary garden hose l9 connected 25 to the domestic water system. A screen I5 is disposed between the body portion E2 of the nozzle and the union [4 to prevent introduction of foreign matter into the nozzle proper and suitable packing or sealing means It may be 30 used.

At its opposite end the cylindrical body portion l2 of the nozzle is externally threaded to receive an internally threaded member H which may be termed a valve housing. The valve 5 housing I! also engages, by means of external threads, an internally threaded gland nut it for providing a sealed communication between the interior of the cylindrical portion l2 and the interior of the valve body H. The interior of the valve body ll will be hereinafter described.

A block 20 is fixedly interposed in. the cylindrical portion l2 of the nozzle and this block has flattened sides, as best seen in Fig. 2, to permit passage thereby of the fluid introduced at the left end of the nozzle, as, for instance, through the conduit H3. The lower portion of the block 20 is threaded to receive a nipple 2| which is adapted to pass through an opening in the container cap II and engage, at the under side of 50 the cap I I, a depending tube or conduit 22. Sealing means in the form of a washer 23 may be utilized. The conduit 22 extends to a point adjacent the bottom of the container I0 and is there provided with 'a screened intake 24 to prevent are substantially tangent.

admission to the nozzle of foreign matter or any particles which may clog the nozzle or otherwise interfere with its operation.

The bore of the conduit 22 extends upwardly through the nipple 2i and communicates with a passage in the block 23 and extending upward ly in the block to a point approximately medial thereof. This bore 25 connects with a horizontal bore 26 in the block 29, Fig. 3. 1

A tubular valve member 3!] is carried by the block 20 by a threaded connection and by reason of its central bore 3! forms a continuation f the passageway 26 in the block 20. The valve member 30 has an enlarged conical head portion 32 and a reduced cylindrical terminal portion 33, the purpose of which will presently app-ear. Owing to the reduced size of the cylindrical terminal portion 33 of the valve member, a reduced bore 34 connecting with the bore 3! is preferably provided.

The valve housing I! heretofore mentioned has a chamber 35 which forms a continuation of the open interior of the cylindrical body portion [2 of the nozzleat one end and its other end terminates in a conical valve seat 36 preferably of an angle the same as the angle of the conical valve portion 32 of the valve member 30. The conical valve seat opens into a reduced central opening 31 which is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the reduced terminal portion '33 of the valve member 30. This central opening is flanked by two parallel openings 38, 39, all three of which openings open into the flat terminal face portion 40 of the valve housing IT.

The terminal portion of the valve housing I! is externally threaded to receive a cap member 42 having a front face 43 from which issues the desired spray. The cap member 42 is made hollow and the front wall thereof is spaced from the terminal portion of the valve body I! by providing a cylindrical boss 44 internally thereof for abutment against the terminal face of the valve housing 1.1. The boss M has an opening 45 which forms a continuation of the opening 37 in the valve housing I! and terminates in bi furcated discharge passageways 4B. As illustrated in the present embodiment, the passageways 48 direct the fluid passing through the openings 31, 45 to the front face of the cap 42 at diverging angles of approximately 45 with the axis of the nozzle. Other openings 50 are provided in the front face of the cap 42 for the emission of fluid carried by the passages 38 and 39 of the valve housing H and these openings are preferably disposed with their axes also at an angle of 45 with the axes .of the nozzle but extending oppositely to their adjacent openings 46. That is, the passageways 50 are converging in the direction of fluid flow. .From this it will be seen that each pair of openings 45, 50 on opposite sides of the central axis of the nozzle .extend at substantially right angles to each other and in my presentembodiment the openings 46, 5B are so arranged that-at their points of emergence from the .front face of the cap member 42 they The front face 43 of thecap 42 may berecessed as at 5 I. v

The operation of the device heretofore. described will now beset forth. The container it is supplied with .a liquid or a solid which has been thoroughly dispersed or dissolved in a liquid and the conduit 59 is connected with a suitable source of liquid under pressure. In the application previously discussed, namely the spraying of a liquid insecticide or fungicide mixed with water, the

container will be filled with the liquid insecticide or fungicide and the conduit I9 may be connected to the usual water supply, and the operation of the device, will for convenience, be discussed in connection with such use.

The water under pressure passes through the interior of the cylindrical body portion [2 of the nozzle and about the block Jill and the valve member 4E3. When the valve housing H is screwed toward cylindrical portion !2 until the valve portion 32 seats against the valve seat 36 of the housing H, passage of Water out of the device is prevented and the nozzle is shut off.

As the valve housing I! is moved away from the cylindrical portion i2 liquid, water, in greater or lesser quantity as the valve housing is ad- ,iusted with respect to the cylindrical portion l2,

enters the openings 31, 38 and 39 which open into the valve seat 36. Owing to the interposition of the reduced cylindrical portion 33 in the central bore 37, thereby greatly reducingthe cross sectional area of the latter, a less proportion of the Water will enter that passage. The water which does enter the passage 3! and flow about the cylindrical portion 33 induces fluid flow in the reduced bore 34 of the valve 30 as the water flows past the-end of the cylindrical portion 33.

This induced flow results in flow of liquid insecticide or fungicide from the container l0 through the screen 24, the vertical tube 22, the opening 25, 26 in the block 20 and through the interior of the .valve member 30 with the result that beyond the end of the reduced cylindrical portion 33 there is present in the bore 31 a central stream .of disinfectant which may be said to be enveloped by an annular stream of water. The initial introduction of water with insecticide in this fashion was found to greatly assist the subsequent commingling of the two fluids.

While this is going on, water is also flowing through the bores or passages 38 and 39 in greater volume than in the passage 31 and at a greater pressure owing in part to the pressure loss incurred in the passage '3! by reason of the induction of the insecticide through the bore 34. It will be seen that as the mixture of water and insecticide emerges from the angular openings 46 and as the streams of water emerge from the openings 51!, they will do so in such manner that each stream of mixed insecticide of water will strike, at right angles, the'stream of water at greater pressure.

I have found that the diversion of the stream of insecticide and water in the passage 3"! by reason of the forked openings 46, together with the engagement of the two kinds of streams as they emerge from the openings 46 and 5 2, results in a very thorough and uniform mixture of insecticide with water and in a solid uniformly distributed flat, fan-like spray of the resultant mixture. I have also found that my nozzle means for inducing the flow of insecticide into the streamof water results in a very constant ratio in volume between water and insecticide. regardless of the rate of flow through the nozzle, as determined by the position of the seat of the valve housing I! with respect to the conical valve is further called to the" fact that the supply of insecticide need not be supplied froma container I but may be communicated to thenozzle in any other suitable manner as by means of a conduit from alarger source of supply. Likewise, the fluid under pressure, which I have said may be an ordinary garden hose, may also take any other form consistent with satisfactory operation.

In actual practice the openings 46, in the face of the nozzle are of such small capacity relative to the valve port 34, 36 that very little opening of the latter is necessary to result in full operation of the spray and such full operation commences almost immediately upon manipulation of the valve housing I1 to move the valve seat 36 away from the valve portion 34 of the valve 30.

What is claimed is:

1. A nozzle for mixing and spraying a plurality of liquids comprising a body portion having a passageway therethrough connectible at one end with a source of fluid under pressure andat its other end with a valve housing, such valve housing having spray openings and being movable axially with respect to said passageway, a passageway in said valve housing connecting the passageway in the body portion with the spray openings, valve means rigidly associated with said body portion and adapted to cooperate with said valve housing in its axial movements to vary the capacity for fluid communication between the passageway in said body portion and the spray openings, and a fluid conduit within said passageway and terminating in said valve housing in the fluid stream whereby flowof fluid through said conduit will be induced by the flow of fluid under pressure to, induce fluid from said conduit to enter, the stream of fluid under pressure and become admixed therewith in passage of the combined fluids to and through said spray openings. c

2. A nozzle for mixing and spraying a plurality ofliquids comprising a body portion having a passageway therethrough connectible at one end with a source of fluid under pressure and at its other end with a valve housing, said valve housing having spray openings and being movable axially with respect to said passageway, a passageway in said valve housing'extending betweenthe passageway in said body portion and said spray openings, valve means rigidly associated with said body portion adapted tocooperate with said valve housing in its axial movements to vary the capacity for fluid communication between the passageway in said body portion and the passageway in said valve housing, and a second fluid conduit for conducting a fluid of different characteristic from said first mentioned fluid, said second fluid conduit opening into the fluid passageway in said valve housing whereby move ment of the fluid under pressure from said body portion through said passageway in the valve housing will induce flow in said second fluid conduit and entrain a quantity of said second mentioned fluid in the stream of fluid under pressure.

3. A nozzle for mixing and spraying a plurality of liquids comprising a body portion having a passageway therethrough connectible at one end with a source of fluid under pressure and at its other end with a valve housing, said valve housing having spray openings and being movable axially with respect to said passageway, a passageway in said valve housing extending between the passageway in said body portion and said spray openings, valve means rigidly associated with said body portion adapted to cooperate with said valve housing in its axial movements to vary I the capacityfor fluid communication betwe'enthe passageway in said body portion and the passageway in said valve housing, said rigid valve means 5 having a longitudinal passagewayconnected at the end adjacent the body portion of the nozzle with a second source of fluid of different characteristic from said first mentioned fluid and opening atits opposite end into said passageway in said valve housing whereby flow of the first mentioned fluid through said valve housing passageway will induce flow of said second fluid through said valve and cause the second mentioned fluid to be entrained in said first fluid.

4. A spraying and mixing nozzle comprising a cylindrical body portion having a passageway therethrough connectible at one end with a source of fluid under pressure and at its other end with a valve housing, such valve housing having spray openings in its outer face and being movable axially with respect to said passageway, said valve housing also having a-plurality of passages establishing communication between the spray openings and the passagewayin said body portion, a conduit connectible with a source of fluid of different characteristic andopening into one of the plural passages in said, valve housing whereby flow of said last mentioned fluid is induced by flow of the fluid under pressure in said. valve housing, and valve means rigidly associated with said body portion and adapted to cooperate with said valve housing in its axial movements to vary the capacity for fluid communication between the passageway in said body portion and its axialmovements to vary the capacity for fluid communication between the passageway in said body portion and the passages in said valve housing, said rigid valve means having a longitudinal passageway connected at the end adjacent the body portion of the nozzle with a second source of fluid of different characteristic from said first mentioned fluid and opening at its opposite end into one of the passages in said valve housing.

6. A device for mixing and spraying a plurality of liquids comprising a body having a passageway communicating with a source of fluid under relatively high pressure, a branch passage therefrom and a conduit connectible with a source of fluid of different characteristic from the first named source and opening into said branch passage whereby fluid from the second mentioned source is induced into said branch passage by flow of the first mentioned fluid thereinto and said fluids are mixed under low pressure flow, said branch passage terminating in a pair of diverging discharge passages, the first mentioned passageway terminating in passage means connected with a pair of spaced, converging discharge passages one of which is disposed closely adjacent each of said diverging passages to pick up the low pressure flow from said diverging passage, said converging passages being arranged in straddling relation with respect to said diverging passages whereby the point of convergence of the high pressure streams and consequent spray formation is spaced forwardly of the termination of the several discharge passages.

7. ,-A device for mixing and spraying a plurality of liquids comprising a body having a passageway communicating witha source of fluid under re1atively high pressure, a branch passage therefrom and a'conduit connectible with a source of fluid of diiferent characteristic from the first named source and opening into said branch passage whereby fluid from the second mentioned source is induced into said branch passage by flow of the first mentioned-fluidthereinto and said fluids are ORIN E. HONSBERGER. 

